Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *Teb

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 time 2 day and night (*Teb-lük)

Russian meaning: 1 время 2 сутки

Tatar: täwlǝk 2

Middle Turkic: tewlük 2

Uzbek: tävlik 2

Shor: tep 1

Chuvash: talъk 2

Tuva: teppiže 'earlier'

Kazakh: tevlük 2

Bashkir: täw 'at first', täwlǝk 2

Karakalpak: tevlik 2

Comments: VEWT 468, Егоров 229, Лексика 69.

Proto-Turkic: *Tegre

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: surroundings

Russian meaning: окружение, округа

Old Turkic: tegre (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tegre (MK)

Middle Turkic: tegre 'side' (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: tegra

Chuvash: tavra

Yakut: dieri 'to, towards'

Dolgan: dieri 'to, towards'

Comments: EDT 485, VEWT 469, ЭСТЯ 2, 178-179, Stachowski 80.

Proto-Turkic: *TĒk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bottom, lower part

Russian meaning: дно, нижняя часть

Middle Turkic: teg (Sangl.)

Uzbek: tag

Uighur: täg

Turkmen: tej

Halaj: tǟ

Kirghiz: tek

Kazakh: tek 'origin'

Karakalpak: tek 'species, origin'

Comments: EDT 475. Voicing *-k > *-ɣ (-j) in Oghuz points to an original long vowel.

Proto-Turkic: *TEk- ?

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 yurt poles 2 small yurt

Russian meaning: 1 купольные шесты юрты и скрепляющий их обод 2 небольшая юрта

Khakassian: tek 'pole, post (for tying horses)' (Abakan, Верб.)

Kirghiz: aq tiger 1, tegirtmek 2

Kazakh: aq tɨɣɨr 1

Comments: Лексика 502.

Proto-Turkic: *teke

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: he-goat

Russian meaning: козел

Old Turkic: teke (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: teke (MK, IM)

Turkish: teke

Tatar: täkä 'козел, баран'

Middle Turkic: teke (Sangl.)

Uzbek: taka

Uighur: tekä

Sary-Yughur: teke

Azerbaidzhan: täkä

Turkmen: teke

Oyrat: teke

Halaj: täkä

Chuvash: taga 'he-goat, ram'

Tuva: de`ge, te ([dhe])

Tofalar: te'he

Kirghiz: teke

Kazakh: tekä

Noghai: teke

Bashkir: täkä 'he-goat, ram'

Balkar: teke

Gagauz: teke

Karaim: teke, tege

Karakalpak: teke

Kumyk: teke

Comments: See VEWT 470, EDT 477, Лексика 154, 428. Turk. > Mong. teke 'he-goat' (KW 390; TMN 2, 529, Щербак 1997, 154) ( > Man., Sol. texe id., see Doerfer MT 100; Oyr. teke - instead of the expected *tege - may be also borrowed back < Mong.). The Tur. dialectal form deke, despite Doerfer, can hardly justify a reconstruction of PT *d-.

Proto-Turkic: *tekiŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: level

Russian meaning: ровный

Tatar: tigez

Middle Turkic: tekiz (Pav. C.)

Uighur: tekiz

Turkmen: tekīz

Chuvash: tagъr

Kirghiz: tegiz

Kazakh: tegis

Noghai: tegis

Bashkir: tigeδ

Karaim: tegiz

Karakalpak: tegis

Comments: VEWT 468, 470. Федотов 2, 165-166 connects the Chuv. form with PT *takɨr 'level, smooth' (which is possible if Chuv. < Tat.), in which case the Chuvash form should be removed from this etymology.

Proto-Turkic: *tekne

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: trough, pan

Russian meaning: корыто, лохань, квашня

Karakhanid: tekne (MK, IM)

Turkish: tekne

Tatar: tigänä

Middle Turkic: tegene (MA), tegene, tekene (MKypch. - CCum., AH)

Uighur: täŋlä, täŋnä

Azerbaidzhan: täknä

Chuvash: tagana

Kirghiz: degene (Chuj.)

Kazakh: tegene, tegeš (Dim.) 'чаша'

Noghai: tekene

Bashkir: tägäs 'чаша' (dial.)

Balkar: tegene

Gagauz: teknä

Karaim: tekne

Comments: VEWT 470-471, EDT 484, Егоров 228, Федотов 2, 165. Turk. > Hung. teknȫ, Mari tagɨna (Gombocz 1912, 18, 227).

Proto-Turkic: *Tel

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: decking, covering

Russian meaning: настил

Middle Turkic: telek 'a double ceiling for storing goods' (Pav. C.)

Turkmen: telǟr 'canopy'

Yakut: tel 'a mat, plank covering in a sleigh' (Пек. 3, 2619)

Karakalpak: telek 'crib, barn'

Comments: VEWT 471. Yak. telgē- 'to lay, put in a row', Tuva delgeg 'shop window; exhibition' may be < Mong. delge- 'раскладывать, выставлять'

Proto-Turkic: *temen

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: big needle

Russian meaning: большая игла

Old Turkic: temen (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: temen jigne (MK, IM)

Turkish: tebene (dial.)

Middle Turkic: teben (Pav. C.), (MKypch.) temen (CCum.)

Uzbek: temen

Uighur: tömünä

Azerbaidzhan: tämänä

Turkmen: temen

Khakassian: tibe ǝŋe

Oyrat: temene, tebene

Halaj: temen

Tuva: tevene

Kirghiz: temene

Kazakh: teben

Noghai: teben

Bashkir: tibän enä

Karakalpak: teben

Comments: VEWT 472, EDT 507. Turk. > WMong. tebene, temene id. (KW 391, TMN 4, 278-279, Щербак 1997, 154).

Proto-Turkic: *tEŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 pool 2 big river

Russian meaning: 1 пруд 2 большая река

Karakhanid: (?) teŋ (MK) 1

Turkish: (Osm.) ten 2

Middle Turkic: tin 2 (R.)

Comments: VEWT 473, EDT 512. Chag. > Kalm. teŋ 'Don'.

Proto-Turkic: *TEŋ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to soar, fly

Russian meaning: парить

Karakhanid: teŋ- (MK)

Turkish: (dial.) tüŋ-

Comments: EDT 514. See also Татаринцев СТ 1984 , 4, p. 78-81.

Proto-Turkic: *teŋri / *taŋrɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 god 2 sky, heaven

Russian meaning: 1 бог 2 небо

Old Turkic: teŋri 2 (Orkh.), 1, 2 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: teŋri 1, 2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: tanrɨ 1

Tatar: täŋre 1

Middle Turkic: teŋri 1 (Sangl., MKypch. - CCum., AH et al.)

Uzbek: taŋri 1

Uighur: täŋri 1

Sary-Yughur: teŋer 2

Azerbaidzhan: tanrɨ 1

Turkmen: taŋrɨ 1

Khakassian: tigǝr 2

Shor: tegri 2

Oyrat: teŋeri 1, 2

Chuvash: tora 2

Yakut: taŋara 1

Dolgan: taŋara 1

Tuva: dēr 2

Tofalar: dēre 2

Kirghiz: teŋir 1, 2

Bashkir: täŋre 1

Balkar: tejri 1, 2

Karaim: taŋrɨ, teŋri 1

Karakalpak: täŋir 1

Salar: tanru (ССЯ) 1

Comments: VEWT 474, TMN 2, 577, EDT 523-524, Федотов 2, 252, Stachowski 217. Turk. > Mong. teŋgeri > Evk. tiŋeri, Sol. teŋer (see Doerfer MT 236).

Proto-Turkic: *tep- / *dēp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to stamp, tramp

Russian meaning: топтать, пинать

Karakhanid: tep- (MK, KB)

Turkish: tep-, dial. dep-

Tatar: tip-

Middle Turkic: tep- (Sangl.)

Uzbek: tep-

Uighur: täp-

Sary-Yughur: tep-

Azerbaidzhan: täp-, däp-

Turkmen: dep-, dǟb-š-e-

Khakassian: tep-, tip-

Shor: tep-

Oyrat: tep-

Halaj: täp-

Chuvash: tab-

Yakut: tep-

Dolgan: tep-

Tuva: te'p-

Kirghiz: tep-

Kazakh: tep-

Noghai: tep-

Bashkir: tip-

Balkar: teber-

Gagauz: tep-

Karaim: tep-

Karakalpak: tep-

Kumyk: tep-

Comments: VEWT 474, EDT 435, ЭСТЯ 3, 195-197, Stachowski 221.

Proto-Turkic: *tẹpi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to dry, become dry 2 to suffer from heat

Russian meaning: 1 сохнуть 2 страдать от жары

Azerbaidzhan: täpi- 1

Turkmen: tebi- 1

Chuvash: tip- 1, 2

Comments: Räsänen (VEWT 253) and Федотов (2, 233) think that the Chuv. form reflects PT *kep-, but this is impossible for phonetic reasons.

Proto-Turkic: *TEpiŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: envy

Russian meaning: зависть

Karakhanid: tepiz, tepze- 'to envy' (MK, KB)

Comments: EDT 448.

Proto-Turkic: *tepö (-ü)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hill, top; top of head

Russian meaning: холм, вершина

Old Turkic: töpü

Karakhanid: tepe (Tefs.), töpü (KB)

Turkish: tepe, dial. depe

Tatar: tübɛ

Middle Turkic: tepe, töpe (MA, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: tepa

Uighur: töpä

Azerbaidzhan: täpä

Turkmen: depe

Oyrat: töbö

Chuvash: tübǝ, töbe (NW)

Yakut: töbö

Dolgan: töbö

Tuva: t`ej

Kirghiz: töbö

Kazakh: töbe

Noghai: töbe

Bashkir: tübɛ

Balkar: töbe

Gagauz: tepe

Karaim: tebe

Karakalpak: töbe

Kumyk: töbe

Comments: VEWT 494, 505, TMN 2, 450-452, EDT 436, ЭСТЯ 3, 197-199, Лексика 201, Stachowski 227. The original meaning was probably 'crest, top of head': cf. Kirgh. tüpök 'бунчук', Chuv. tǝʷbek 'crest, top of head'. Forms with d- in Oghuz may be a trace of a different root (see below); but Kirgh. döbö and Uygh. döwä are most probably < Mong. döbe.

Proto-Turkic: *ter

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 hired labour 2 wages

Russian meaning: 1 работа по найму 2 зарплата

Karakhanid: ter 1, 2 (MK, IM)

Turkish: ter oɣlan 'hired worker'

Middle Turkic: ter 2 (MA)

Chuvash: tar(a) 1

Yakut: terij- 'to organize'

Tuva: xol deri 2 (contamination: lit. 'arm sweat')

Kirghiz: maŋdaj teri 2 (contamination: lit. 'forehead sweat')

Comments: VEWT 474, EDT 528, Лексика 353, Федотов 2, 176 (the root should be kept distinct from *der 'sweat'.

Proto-Turkic: *tEŕek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dung

Russian meaning: навоз

Old Turkic: tezek (OUygh. - YB)

Karakhanid: tezek (MK)

Turkish: tezek

Tatar: tizäk, kizäk

Middle Turkic: tezek (Sangl., MA)

Uzbek: tezak

Uighur: tezäk

Azerbaidzhan: täzäk

Turkmen: tezek

Khakassian: tizek

Shor: tezek

Oyrat: tezek

Halaj: täzäk

Chuvash: ? tirǝs

Tuva: de's 'clotted blood'

Tofalar: de's 'clotted blood' (Рас. ФиЛ)

Kirghiz: tezek

Kazakh: tezek

Noghai: tezek

Bashkir: tiδäk

Balkar: tezgek

Gagauz: tezek

Karaim: tez'ak

Karakalpak: tezek

Salar: tesex, tözex (ССЯ)

Kumyk: tezek

Comments: VEWT 477, TMN 2, 508, EDT 574, Федотов 2, 236. Chuv. > Tat., Bashk. tires.

Proto-Turkic: *Tẹrk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to curse, despise

Russian meaning: упрекать, ругать

Tatar: tirgɛ-

Middle Turkic: te/irke- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: terga-

Uighur: tärgi-

Yakut: tirē- 'to threaten'

Bashkir: tirgä-

Comments: VEWT 481.

Proto-Turkic: *TẹrKe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to observe, research

Russian meaning: исследовать, обдумывать, расследовать

Middle Turkic: te/irke- 1 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: terga- 'to interrogate'

Uighur: tärgäw 'examination, inquiry'

Chuvash: tirge- 'to judge, discriminate'

Kirghiz: terge-

Kazakh: terge-

Noghai: terge-

Balkar: terge-

Karaim: terge-

Karakalpak: terge-

Kumyk: terge-

Comments: VEWT 475, Федотов 2, 236-237 (the meaning `judge, discriminate' cannot be explained from Arab. terk `leave').